Explaining Sahih Muslim Book 4 – Hadith 98-110
Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 98-110
Chapter 21: If the Imam Experiences an Excuse, From Illness, Or Travelling, Etc. He May Appoint Someone Else to Lead the People in Prayer; The One Who Offers Prayer Behind the Imam Sitting Because He Is Unable to Stand Must Stand If He Is Able to Do So; And the Abrogation of Sitting Behind A Sitting Imam for Those Who Are Able to Stand.
Ubaidullah b. Abdullah reported:
I visited 'A'isha and asked
her to tell about the illness of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). She agreed and
said: The Apostle (ﷺ) was seriously ill and he asked whether the people had
prayed. We said: No, they are waiting for you, Messenger of Allah, He (the Holy
Prophet) said: Put some water in the tub for me. We did accordingly and he (the
Holy Prophet) took a bath and, when he was about to move with difficulty, he
fainted. When he came around, he again said: Have the people said prayer? We
said: No, they are waiting for you, Messenger of Allah. He (the Holy Prophet)
again said: Put some water for me in the tub. We did accordingly and he took a
bath, but when he was about to move with difficulty he fainted. When he came around,
he asked whether the people had prayed. We said: No, they are waiting for you,
Messenger of Allah. He said: Put some water for me in the tub. We did
accordingly and he took a bath and he was about to move with difficulty when he
fainted. When he came around he said: Have the people said prayer? We said: No,
they are waiting for you, Messenger of Allah. She ('A'isha) said: The people
were staying in the mosque and waiting for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) to lead
the last (night) prayer. She ('A'isha) said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent (instructions)
to Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer. When the messenger came, he told him
(Abd Bakr): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) has ordered you to lead the people in
prayer. Abu Bakr who was a man of very tenderly feelings asked Umar to lead the
prayer. 'Umar said: You are more entitled to that. Abu Bakr led the prayers
during those days. Afterwards the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) felt some relief and
he went out supported by two men, one of them was al-'Abbas, to the noon
prayer. Abu Bakr was leading the people in prayer. When Abu Bakr saw him. he
began to withdraw, but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) told him not to withdraw. He
told his two (companions) to seat him down beside him (Abu Bakr). They seated
him by the side of Abu Bakr. Abu Bakr said the prayer standing while following
the prayer of the Apostle (ﷺ) and the people said prayer (standing) while
following the prayer of Abu Bakr. The Apostle (ﷺ) was seated. Ubaidullah said:
I visited 'Abdullah b. 'Abbas, and said: Should I submit to you what 'A'isha
had told about the illness of the Apostle (ﷺ)? He said: Go ahead. I submitted
to him what had been transmitted by her ('A'isha). He objected to none of it,
only asking whether she had named to him the man who accompanied al-'Abbas. I
said: No. He said: It was 'Ali. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 98)
'A'isha reported:
It was in the house of Maimuna
that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) first fell ill. He asked permission from his
wives to stay in her ('A'isha's) house during his illness. They granted him permission.
She ('A'isha) narrated: He (the Holy Prophet) went out (for prayer) with his
hand over al-Fadl b. 'Abbas and on the other hand there was another person and
(due to weakness) his feet dragged on the earth. 'Ubaidullah said: I narrated
this hadith to the son of 'Abbas ('Abdullah b. 'Abbas) and he said: Do you know
who the man was whose name 'A'isha did not mention? It was 'Ali. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 99)
'A'isha, the wife of the Apostle (ﷺ), said:
When the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ) fell ill and his illness became serious, he asked permission from his wives
to stay in my house during his illness. They gave him permission to do so. He
stepped out (of 'A'isha's apartment for prayer) supported by two persons. (He
was so much weak) that his feet dragged on the ground and he was being
supported by 'Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib and another person. 'Ubaidullah said: I
informed 'Abdullah (b. 'Abbas) about that which 'A'isha had said. 'Abdullah b.
'Abbas said: Do you know the man whose name 'A'isha did not mention? He said:
No. Ibn 'Abbas said: It was 'Ali. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 100)
'A'isha, the wife of the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ), said:
I tried to dissuade the
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) from it (i. e. from appointing Abu Bakr as the Imam.)
and my insistence upon it was not due to the fact that I entertained any
apprehension in my mind that the people would not love the man who would occupy
his (Prophet's) place (i. e. who would be appointed as his caliph) and I feared
that the people would be superstitious about one who would occupy his place. I,
therefore, desired that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) should leave Abu Bakr aside
in this matter. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 101)
'A'isha reported:
When the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ) came to my house, he said: Ask Abu Bakr to lead people in prayer. 'A'isha
narrated: I said, Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr is a man of tenderly feelings;
as he recites the Qur'an, he cannot help shedding tears: so better command
anyone else to lead the prayer. By Allah, there is nothing disturbing in it for
me but the idea that the people may not take evil omen with regard to one who
is the first to occupy the place of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). I tried to
dissuade him (the Holy Prophet) twice or thrice (from appointing my father as
an Imam in prayer), but he ordered Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer and
said: You women are like those (who had) surrounded Yusuf. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 102)
'A'isha reported:
When the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ) was confined to bed, Bilal came to him to summon him to prayer. He (the
Holy Prophet) said: Ask Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer. She ('A'isha)
reported: I said: Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr is a tender-hearted man, when he
would stand at your place (he would be so overwhelmed by feelings) that he
would not be able to make the people hear anything (his recitation would not be
audible to the followers in prayer). You should better order Umar (to lead the
prayer). He (the Holy Prophet) said: Ask Abu Bakr to lead people in prayer. She
('A'isha) said: I asked Hafsa to (convey) my impression to him (the Holy
Prophet) that Abu Bakr was a tender-hearted man, so when he would stand at his
place, he would not be able to make the people bear anything. He better order
Umar. Hafsa conveyed this (message of Hadrat 'A'isha) to him (the Holy
Prophet). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: (You are behaving) as if you are the
females who had gathered around Yusuf. Order Abu Bakr to lead the people in
prayer. She ('A'isha) reported: So Abu Bakr was ordered to lead the people in
prayer. As the prayer began, the Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him)
felt some relief; he got up and moved supported by two persons and his feet
dragged on earth (due to excessive weakness). 'A'isha reported: As he (the Holy
Prophet) entered the mosque. Abu Bakr perceived his (arrival). He was about to
withdraw, but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) by the gesture (of his hand) told him
to keep standing at his place. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came and seated
himself on the left side of Abu Bakr. She ('A'isha) reported: The Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ) was leading people in prayer sitting. Abu Bakr was following the
prayer of the Apostle (ﷺ) in a standing posture and the people were following
the prayer of Abu Bakr. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 103)
A'mash reported:
When the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ) suffered from illness of which he died, and in the hadith transmitted by
Ibn Mus-hir, the words are: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was brought till he was
seated by his (Abu Bakr's) side and the Apostle (ﷺ) led the people in prayer
and Abu Bakr was making takbir audible to them, and in the hadith transmitted
by 'Isa the (words are):" The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sat and led the
people in prayer and Abu Bakr was by his side and he was making (takbir)
audible to the people." (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 104)
`A'isha reported:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
ordered Abu Bakr that he should lead people in prayer during his illness, and
he led them in prayer. `Urwa said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) felt relief and
went (to the mosque) and Abu Bakr was leading the people in prayer. When Abu
Bakr saw him he began to withdraw, but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) signalled him
to remain where he was. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sat opposite to Abu Bakr by
his side. Abu Bakr said prayer following the prayer of the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ), and the people said prayer following the prayer of Abu Bakr. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 105)
Anas b. Malik reported, Abu
Bakr led them in prayer due to the illness of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) of
which he died. It was a Monday and they stood in rows for prayer. The Messenger
of Allah (ﷺ) drew aside the curtain of ('A'isha's) apartment and looked at us
while he was standing, and his (Prophet's) face was (as bright) as the paper of
the Holy Book. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) felt happy and smiled. And we were
confounded with joy while in prayer due to the arrival (among our midst) of the
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), Abu Bakr stepped back upon his heels to say prayer in a
row perceiving that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had come out for prayer. The
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) with the help of his hand signed to them to complete
their prayer. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went back (to his apartment) and drew
the curtain. He (the narrator) said:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
breathed his last on that very day. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 106)
Anas reported:
The last glance that I have
had of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (before his death) was that when he on Monday
drew the curtain aside. The hadith transmitted by Salih is perfect and
complete. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 107)
This hadith is
narrated on the authority of Anas b. Malik by another chain of transmitters. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 108)
Anas reported:
The Apostle of Allah (ﷺ)
did not come to us for three days. When the prayer was about to start. Abu Bakr
stepped forward (to lead the prayer), and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) lifted the
curtain. When the face of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) became visible to us, we
(found) that no sight was more endearing to us than the face of the Messenger
of Allah (ﷺ) as it appeared to us. The Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) with the gesture of
his hand directed Abu Bakr to step forward (and lead the prayer). The Apostle
of Allah (ﷺ) then drew the curtain, and we could not see him till he died. (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 109)
Abu Musa reported:
When the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ) became ill and illness became serious he ordered Abu Bakr to lead the
people in prayer. Upon this 'A'isha said: Messenger of Allah, Abd Bakr is a man
of tenderly feelings: when he would stand in your place (he would be so much
overwhelmed -by grief that) he would not be able to lead the people in prayer.
He (the Holy Prophet) said: You order Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer,
and added: You are like the female companions of Yusuf. So Abu Bakr led the
prayer (during this period of illness) in the life of the Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ). (Explaining
Sahih Muslim Book 4 - Hadith 110)
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